Timeline 1945-1964 :: essays research papers

1945 Ho Chi Minh and his People's Congress create the National Liberation Committee of Vietnam to form a provisional government following the surrender of Japan to Allied forces and Japan transfers all power to Ho's Vietminh. President Roosevelt dies Making good on his threat to unleash "...a rain of ruin the like of which has never been seen on earth...," President Harry Truman authorizes the dropping of two atomic bombs on Japan -- one on Hiroshima on August 6, and a second on Nagasaki on August 9. The Japanese surrender. Ho Declares Independence of Vietnam. British Forces Land in Saigon, Return Authority to French.1946 France recognizes Vietnam as a "free state" within the French Union. French troops replace Chinese in the North. Negotiations Between French and Vietminh Breakdown. Indochina War begins. 1947 Vietminh move north of Hanoi. Marshall Plan announced. French General Etienne Valluy attempts, and fails, to wipe out the Vietminh in one stroke. 1949 Bao Dai and President Vincent Auriol of France sign the Elysee Agreement. As part of the agreement the French pledge to assist in the building of a national anti-Communist army. NATO formed. Volkswagen introduced in US. 1950 Chinese and Soviets offer Weapons to Vietminh. Record heist in Brink's robbery. When Communist forces from North Korea invade the Republic of South Korea on June 25, President Truman appeals to the United Nations to take action. The UN quickly brands North Korea the aggressor, and Truman follows up by sending US air and naval support to Korea immediately thereafter. The United States sends $15 million dollars in military aid to the French for the war in Indochina. Included in the aid package is a military mission and military advisors. 1951 Ho Chi Minh creates Workers' Party. Truman dismisses General Douglas MacArthur . Worst floods in US History inundate Kansas and Missouri. 1953 France grants Laos full independence. Rosenbergs executed for Espionage. Vietminh forces push into Laos. 1954 A force of 40,000 heavily armed Vietminh lay siege to the French garrison at Dienbienphu. Using Chinese artillery to shell the airstrip, the Vietminh make it impossible for French supplies to arrive by air. It soon becomes clear that the French have met their match. Supreme Court rules on Brown v. Board of Education. Responding to the defeat of the French by the Vietminh at Dienbienphu, President Eisenhower outlines the Domino Theory: "You have a row of dominoes set up.

Discuss how fashion and appearance are central to the construction of social identities

Social identity has become an ever increasing state of uncertainity, we are constantly presenting ourselves to others through everyday interactions, by the way we speak and how we dress ourselves. We constantly mark ourselves as the same as those with whom we share an identity and diffrentiate with those, we do not. We visualize or imagine ourselves using various symbols or representations. We use these symbols in order to make sense of ourselves in relation to the world we inhabit. Symbols and representations have now increasingly become a feature in the production of identities.This way we signal our identities to others and how we know which people we identify with and why other people are different. How we speak, dress, wear uniforms or carry flags all offer symbols of identity. â€Å"When I rummage through my wardrobe in the morning I am not merely faced with the choice of what to wear. I am faced with the choice of images: the difference between a smart suit and a pair of over alls, a leather skirt and a cotton skirt, is not one fabric and style, but one of identity.You know perfectly well that you will be seen differently for the whole day, depending on what you put on; you will appear as a particular kind of woman with one particular identity which excludes others. The black leather skirt rather rules out girlish innocence, oily overalls tend to exclude sophistication †¦ often I have wished I could put them all on together- just to say, ‘how dare you think any of these is me. But also, see, I can be all of them. † (Williamson,1986, p. 91).Appearance and clothes have become crucial in the presentation of self, the information being projected inadvertently reveal more about a person than the information directly or intentionally given. However, with the growing awareness surrounding fashion identity, the clothes we wear has become a statement in itself. â€Å"In the case of the sociological interest in clothing and fashion, we know that through clothing people communicate some things about their persons, and at the collective level this results typically in locating them symbolically in some structured universe of status claims and life-style attachments. † (Davis.F. 1992. p. 4)Fashion and appearance has become a visual language, with its own structure as well as vocabulary. With a growing amount of other material artifacts to complement the clothing statement, this type of social identity has taken a new form of clichà ©.The need to appear in a certain way has propelled media hype to levels never imagined in modern societies across the globe. There are various media through which fashion and appearance has been propelled in the structures of social identity; television, magazines, journals, videos, mostly the internet has been a vital source of information. The culture of fashion draws upon the collective identity of individuals through mass advert campaign with the help of celebrity hype. This has aided th e transmission of new social constructions of appearances in relation to fashion.â€Å"Celebrity endorsement of luxury fashion is hardly a new phenomenon, as it has been around for several centuries. Charles Worth, the man who invented haute couture in Paris in the nineteenth century, understood the importance of linking celebrities to brands, even before this was recognized as an important marketing communications tool. To promote his fashion house La Maison Worth, he sought a high society lady and an influencer of the court fashions, Princess Von Metternich, wife of the then Austria’s ambassador to France and close friend of Napoleon’s wife Empress Eugenie.This celebrity’s patronage and connection with La Maison Worth contributed immensely to the success and status of this couture house as the most influential in the world at its time. †(Uche. O, 2006). The impact of celebrities, fashions and appearance in the new formations of social identity, has shap ed the way one views self. No endorsement is complete these days without a celebrity promoting its content. From designer clothings, to a particular look, from body sizes to particular diets.The list has included material artifacts like perfumes to jewelleries, and everything in between. Self-presentation has become a complex process, propelling various elements of new fashion structures, the dialectic relationship between fashion contigencies and market branding. Social identities drawn from a social/structure level as well as drawing from a combination of modern technological factors, makes communication a vital factor in shaping personal and individual appearances.Style is then modified to suit a collective, thereby enabling a presentation of an image or appearance to identitfy a social culture. Appearances are shaped by different factors. Biological factors such as the forms that bodies and social factors such as experiences that are not independent. Identity is a complex interw eaving of a variety of different influences:biological factors that are affected by the environment, like the cultural perceptions of biology and social factors that are influenced through the understanding of biology.Social identity is strongly influenced by feminine and masculine characteristics associated with the gender categories, men and women appearances. Individuals can choose which aspects of gender identity to take up, but choices are constrained by a variety of factors including cultural perceptions of masculinity and femininity. â€Å"For men to adopt feminine symbols in dress would be to trangress, in the realm of appearance, the very essence of modern masculine identity.We have not reached that point, and no sign of the times leads us to anticipate any shift in that direction. Despite the multiple forms of its democratization, fashion remains essentially inegalitarian, at least where gender is concerned. † (Lipovetsky,G. p. 111). The increasing flexibility accom odates a diversity of masculinities and femininities in appearances. Gender identities are not fixed, often stereotypical, essentialist way, social identities tend to shift and change across time and between cultures.However, social identities are not something that can be choosen according to individuals, they are shaped by society, the culture that individuals live in, by experiences as well as understandings. The appearances of particular groups of males and females may be constrained or liberated when pitched against historical agendas and social structures such as education and economy. Although there is a freedom surrounding the ability to choose one’s identity, social and cultural factors, which include class and ethnicity as well as gender, contributies to the sorts of identites that one holds.

Definition of Poetry

What is Poetry? According to W. H. Hudson we all have a sense of what poetry constitutes. There are innumerable definitions of poetry given by poets and critics of poetry and out of which Hudson chooses some famous definitions. They are given below: * Johnson : â€Å"Metrical composition† , it is â€Å"the art of uniting pleasure with truth by calling imagination to the help of reason† * Macaulay: â€Å"we mean the art of employing words in such a manner as to produce an illusion on the imagination, the art of doing by means of words what the painter does by means of colours† * Carlyle: â€Å"We will call Musical thought† Shelley: â€Å"In a general sense may be defined as the expression of the imagination† * Hazlitt: â€Å"It is the language of the imagination and the passions† * Leigh Hunt: â€Å"The utterance of a passion for truth, beauty, and power, embodying and illustrating its conceptions by imagination and fancy, and modulating its language on the principle of variety in unity† * Coleridge: â€Å"Poetry is the antithesis of science, having for its immediate object pleasure, not truth† * Wordsworth: â€Å"It is the breath and finer spirit of all knowledge and the impassioned expression which is in the countenance of all science† * Edgar Allan Poe: â€Å"It is the rhythmic creation of beauty† * Keble: â€Å"A vent for overcharged feeling or a full imagination† * Doyle: â€Å"It expresses our dissatisfaction with what is present and close at hand† * Ruskin: â€Å"The suggestion by the imagination, of noble grounds for the noble emotions† * Prof. Courthope: â€Å"The art of producing pleasure by the just expression of imaginative thought and feeling in metrical language† * Mr. Watts-Dunton: â€Å" The concrete and artistic expression of the human mind in emotional and rhythmical language† * Matthew Arnold: â€Å"It is simply the most delightful and per fect form of utterance that human words can reach† * â€Å"It is nothing less than the most perfect speech of man that in which he comes nearest to being able to utter the truth† * â€Å"It is a criticism of life under the conditions fixed for such a criticism by the laws of poetic truth and poetic beauty† As Hudson state when we look at them critically, and compare them with one another, certain disturbing facts about them become clear. Commenting on these definitions Hudson concludes they are almost distracting in their variety because the subject is approached from many different points of view. Some, strictly speaking, fail to define, because they express rather what is poetical in general, wherever it may be found, than what is specifically poetry. Some, on the other hand, are too narrow and exclusive, because they recognize only the particular kind of poetry in which the writer happened to be personally interested.

African creation myths Essay Example for Free

African creation myths Essay ? 1. Perhaps the answer that would best suit the question why life is so hard and then you die is how death is portrayed in these stories. There is suffering and hardship in one’s life because of disobedience of the hardships and commands of his gods. Death ultimately becomes the only â€Å"salvation† after so much hardship.   Had the living things and man obeyed the orders of their god, death would not have overcome these lives. In the story of the Plant of Life, the second wife, in her jealousy of not being considered by her husband despite the death of the first wife decided that in order to end her suffering must kill the plant that has taken the time and affection that would have been hers. Hence, ultimately, it is no wonder that in the end, the wife bears the consequent death of all living things. 2.  Ã‚   Basically these African myths hold women in the same way that women are being viewed today. Women are seen as being responsible for the ills that happened to society and life in general.   For example, in the story of the Plant of Life, the second wife was blamed for being the source of death when â€Å"she saw the plant and was jealous and cut it down with a hoe.† (Plant of Life). Such story shows how of little value women are because if the god did not play favourites among his wives, the story would not have ended that way. As a whole, women are viewed as being the cause of tragedies. 3. This myth basically starts out as a story of creation of the world and its five elements.   However, as the story intertwined itself it became a story not of creation but of destruction as each element became defeated by the other until at last Doondari, the god who created these things came down to earth and became the eternal one.   A very good point of interest here is how the story incorporated the attributes of men like sleep, blindness, worry and death and how these attributes became defeated when all of them became proud. It would seem that the writer wanted to emphasize that pride became the reason for the fall of its attributes and in the end, it was the god who has to put everything in its place. 4. One interesting thing about this myth is how Shida Matunda got afraid when the jealous wife killed the plant which what became of his favorite wife when she died. He is a god and yet he had no hold over life when in fact, he created the world and its living things. It would seem that as a god, he too depended on â€Å"higher beings† than himself and that he attributes life on these beings such as the plant which became the plant of life. 5. Between the myth of the Disobedience of Man and the story of creation in Genesis, one common factor emerges as to why one man disobeyed his Creator.   In this African myth, the root of the disobedience is the woman who failed to follow the orders of her god not to till the soil for food while in Genesis, Eve did not take heed in God’s warning not to eat the Forbidden fruit lest they will be punished. Hence, when they disobeyed the order of their gods, they were punished: the first beings in this African myth were sent with Death while Adam and Eve were banished out of the paradise that God created for them. 6. Indeed there is a great similarity between the myth Revolt Against God and the great Flood in Genesis although the manner of wiping out the face of the earth vastly differs with the version in Genesis.   In the myth of the Revolt against God, the gods wiped out the earth through fire whereas in the version of Genesis, the world was wiped out by the Great Flood.   Perhaps the reason why there is a similarity between the two stories is because we all came from the same roots.   Just like in the religions of   Christianity and Islam that traces its roots to Abraham, these stories of cleansing the earth may have also come from one original source and just branched out after generations of passing it. 7.   Ã‚  The gods in these African myths are not at all like gods but rather seemed like counterparts of men.   Although they have created the world, the living things and men, they never ceased to be like human beings who still feel the emotions of human beings or maybe they are simply reflections of the image and likeness of the beings they have created.   However, these African gods tend to be fickle-minded sometimes and would do whatever they feel like doing at the heat of the moment and that analyzing these myths, one can surmise that they are just exercising their power over their creations. African creation myths. (2017, Feb 28).

Global Businese - Payless Shoe Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Global Businese - Payless Shoe - Essay Example According to the report findings there have been notable changes currently being witnessed in the global economy that has seen the world stock markets slumping and other changes taking place in the banking sector and the industry as a whole. All these changes have effects on the operations of especially global businesses and this study would focus on Payless Shoe with reference to the changes taking place in the global economy. As the research stresses basically global businesses operate in different regions as well as nations and these are in most cases well established business entities that often dominate the global markets. These global businesses often compete in a global market where different economies are brought in close contact. Given this scenario, it can be noted that all global businesses are operating within the same sphere hence any change that takes place in the global economy basically affects all of them. Payless specializes in retailing designer footwear and somehow, this particular industry is also affected in one way or the other by the global changes in the world economy. The fact that the global economy is going down translates into mean that business also is negatively affected and Payless shoe cannot be spared the burden as well. Obviously sales would also decline in response to the tightening global economy. Consumers would have little to spend hence little revenue generated by bus iness.

Discuss the relevant advantages and disadvantages of quantitative and Essay

Discuss the relevant advantages and disadvantages of quantitative and qualitative methods in the context of real estate research - Essay Example Nowadays, independent research and innovative solutions are provided by a number of companies that have resulted in the noteworthy advancement of the real estate industry. Such companies provide independent fiduciary services, information related to investment opportunities, litigation, counseling, and research services that facilitate the real estate providers in various capacities. (Dalphin, pp. 16-19) In this sector of real estate research, it is very imperative that such companies may have access to detailed knowledge and data related to the trends of real estate industry, as it is very important that proper research should be carried out to provide investment opportunities to the clients. All these companies have to continue their research and keep it up to date, in order to survive in the real estate industry. In this regard, proper methodologies of research play an important and crucial role in acquiring proper information according to the requirements of the clients and customers. In this paper, some of the research methodologies will be described, discussed, and compared, in order to understand the effectiveness, strengths, and weaknesses of the techniques that will be helpful for the real estate industry in the future. In terms of definition, quantitative properties and their relationships are investigated scientifically in a systematic manner with the facilitation of quantitative methodology during a research project. In addition, mathematical models and hypotheses are developed and employed during the quantitative research. One of the concerns during the implementation of a quantitative methodology is that natural phenomena are considered during the employment of different hypotheses. Moreover, experiential and mathematical expressions are collected in a quantitative relationship through a fundamental connection of measurements. Both natural sciences and social

Race & Racism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Race & Racism - Essay Example Racism defines the power of a particular group to eliminate other minorities in various ways. It does not have to rely on physical distinctions though, because it can be in the form of distinguishing the culture and behavior of a certain group. Social and political areas of the society can contribute to the idea of racism as they stand for the general population. Racism affects not only the people who are responsible enough to handle such discriminations but also the children or the young generations (Coombs, 1994; Semchison, 2007). The young generation is corrupted as to how the government used them in order to control the indigenous people. Commonly, skin color determines the opportunity for a child from schools, jobs and even in marriage (Smith, 2003). Discrimination among the aboriginal Australians have been a feature of its history. Stealing the generation is just one of the marks of racism in Australia; racism also includes segregating the aborigines and forced them to work for a mission. This scenario largely impacted the health of the aborigines. Their lives have been put into an unvarying threat and losing their lands created more tension. Relocating can be treated as the main reason why the aborigines have developed health problems because of the frustrations and other deprivation they have encountered. They have been put into a violent discipline where they were restricted to take advantage of what belongs to them at first (Semchison, 2007). A concrete example of deprivation is that, funds for healthcare are not adequate to respond to the needs of the people. Moving into the urban life made it difficult for the aboriginal people to deal with their health problems because they cannot, for a fact, afford the medications. Mostly, people are being dominated by those of power because of their poverty. Results are reflected through the poor health, substance abuse, unemployment, violence against women, deprivation on